B. COLUMN REINFORCEMENT DETAILS

61 CHAPTER B: COLUMN REINFORCEMENT DETAILS 12. IOP-Creatures Steel plates or fibre-reinforced polymers (FPM) are a type of reinforcement designed to increase flexural strength and increase ductility through strapping. Regardless of the material, the plates act as additional external tension reinforcement due to the inadequacy of the existing one in the existing cross-section to reinforce the tension zone against normal tension. According to paragraph 8.2.1.3 of the CEE Code, a reinforced concrete section can be strengthened in bending by the addition of steel or fibre-reinforced polymer laminates. The technique is mainly applied to beams and slabs and rarely to columns, as it is not allowed to be applied in areas that are likely to be subjected to compressive stress. Exceptionally, it may also be used in areas subject to compression only if appropriate measures are taken, e.g. preventing local buckling of the longitudinal steel by applying clamping.