2. MODELING

CHAPTER 2 "MODELLING" 89 ❖ The next section concerns the definition of the openings of the wall infill. Select from the list one of the options. OBSERVATION: If you select "Other" you must specify the dimensions of the rectangle outlined in the openings. The choice of openings is made in order to calculate the reduction factor of the compressive strength n1. ❖ By pressing the button, an explanatory text with the corresponding paragraph of the C.E.P.E. CAN.EPE. §7.4.1 d: Openings: Where infill masonry walls have openings , the respective statutory laws shall be appropriately modified to approximate the generally adverse influence of openings. - Without or 1 small one in the centre: The wall infill is normally taken into account. - 2 large at the ends: The wall filling is neglected. - 1 large one in the centre: When there is an opening approximately in the centre of the phantom, the dimensions of which exceed 50%, the wall filling is neglected. - Other: When there is an opening approximately in the centre or two small and adjacent openings that can be considered as an equivalent opening, circumscribed in them, where the dimensions h & l are between 20% and 50% of the facade, then the wall infill is taken into account. The next section concerns the wall infill damage from which you select the corresponding level to calculate the reduction factor rR. By pressing the button, an explanatory text with the corresponding paragraph of the C.E.P.E. CAN LTD. Appendix 7D, §12: Level of damage: To define the extent of damage in existing masonry infrastructures, a classification into damage levels is adopted with reduction factors relating to the resistance of the compressive diagonal bar, rR , and the slope of the elastic branch of the skeletal diagram, rK , according to the table below: